Corrections, Retractions and Editorial Notices Policy
Medición y Evaluación del Aprendizaje Inclusivo (MEAI) treats the published scholarly record as a permanent record that should remain accurate, transparent, and traceable. The journal does not silently replace substantive published content. When an error or integrity concern requires action, the journal publishes an appropriate notice linked to the affected article and updates metadata when necessary.
Reporting an Error or Concern
Authors, readers, reviewers, institutions, or other parties may report a significant error or publication-integrity concern through the journal's contact channel. Reports should identify the article and describe the concern with sufficient detail to permit assessment. Authors who discover a significant error in their own work must notify the journal promptly and cooperate with the corrective process.
Corrigendum
A corrigendum may be issued when an author-originated error or omission requires correction but does not invalidate the principal results and conclusions. The notice identifies the original article, explains the correction, and is permanently linked to the article. When appropriate, corrected online files may be posted with a clear version history rather than silently replacing the record.
Erratum
An erratum may be issued for an error introduced during editorial or production processing, such as a metadata, formatting, typesetting, or publication error that materially affects the article or its interpretation. Minor typographical defects that do not affect meaning may be corrected without a separate formal notice only when doing so does not obscure the publication history.
Editorial Note
An Editorial Note may be used to inform readers about a verified circumstance relevant to the article that does not warrant correction, expression of concern, or retraction but should be visible for transparency. The note is linked to the article and becomes part of the scholarly record.
Expression of Concern
An Expression of Concern may be issued when there is a serious unresolved question about reliability, ethics, authorship, peer review, or misconduct and the evidence is not yet sufficient for a definitive correction or retraction, or when a necessary institutional investigation is expected to take substantial time. The notice explains the nature of the unresolved concern without making unsupported accusations. When the matter is resolved, the record is updated with the appropriate outcome notice.
Retraction
Retraction is used when the journal has sufficient evidence that the article or a substantial part of it is unreliable or seriously breaches publication ethics and the problem cannot be adequately corrected. Grounds may include:
- fabrication, falsification, or major manipulation of data, images, results, or methods
- plagiarism or substantial unattributed overlap
- duplicate or redundant publication that materially misrepresents originality
- unethical research or absent required approval/consent when the breach materially affects the legitimacy of the work
- publication of data or material that the authors were not authorized to disclose
- serious authorship fraud, purchased or fictitious authorship, identity theft, or inability to verify authorship
- compromised or manipulated peer review
- systematic manipulation of the publication process or paper-mill evidence
- material citation manipulation
- a major undisclosed competing interest that materially affects interpretation or editorial evaluation
- a serious breach of the journal generative AI policy that causes loss of confidence in the reliability or provenance of the work
- major error that makes the principal findings or conclusions unreliable
A retraction notice is openly accessible, identifies the retracted article, states the reason as specifically as the evidence allows, identifies who is retracting the article when appropriate, and is linked bidirectionally with the article. The original article remains part of the scholarly record and is clearly marked as retracted unless exceptional legal, privacy, or safety circumstances require removal.
Withdrawal Before Final Publication
A manuscript that has not yet been finally published may be withdrawn by the authors before acceptance or for other legitimate reasons according to the editorial stage. Accepted or early-publication content is not removed merely because authors change their mind. If an item was posted prematurely because of a production error or as a duplicate version, a withdrawal notice may replace the content while preserving a traceable record.
Exceptional Removal
Complete removal of published article content is extremely rare. It may be considered when continued public availability creates a serious and unavoidable legal, privacy, confidentiality, or safety risk and retraction is not an adequate remedy. Where legally possible, bibliographic metadata and a public notice explaining that content was removed are retained.
Article Replacement
Replacement of a published article is exceptional. When readers could face a serious risk from relying on an article and a corrected replacement is scientifically justified, the original publication history, retraction/correction notice, and link to the replacement must remain transparent.
Authorship and Metadata Corrections
Verified changes to author names, affiliations, authorship, ORCID, title metadata, funding, or other bibliographic information are evaluated according to the significance and reason for the change. Substantive changes to authorship after publication normally require a public correction. Administrative name changes that do not alter authorship responsibility may be handled with sensitivity to privacy while preserving identifier continuity.
DOI and Indexing Metadata
When a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other formal notice is issued, the journal updates the article page and relevant metadata and, where supported by the registration/indexing infrastructure, records the relationship between the notice and the affected DOI. The objective is to make the status of the scholarly record discoverable to readers and information services.
Decision and Due Process
Post-publication action is based on evidence and due process. Authors are normally given an opportunity to respond to concerns, but lack of response does not prevent the journal from acting when the evidence requires protection of the scholarly record. The Editor-in-Chief makes the final editorial determination. If the Editor-in-Chief has a conflict, a non-conflicted Acting Editor-in-Chief conducts the process and decision.
